
According to in 2015 electricity generation in Armenia increased since 2009 to nearly 8000 GWh, but still remains below 1990 levels. Also, in 2015 Armenia consumed more than twice as much natural gas than in 2009. lacks source, and heavily relies on the production of elect. Currently, Armenia is in the initial stages of developing a pilot project on battery storage, with plans for a utility-scale project with an estimated installed storage capacity of 1,200 MWh to be . [pdf]
Armenia relies on imports of natural gas and oil for most of its energy needs, which exposes it to supply risks and dependence on a single supplier. As the government considers energy security and the development of indigenous sources to be of prime importance for the energy sector, renewables and efficiency measures are key areas.
Renewable energy resources, including hydro, represented 7.1% of Armenia’s energy mix in 2020. Almost one-third of the country’s electricity generation (30% in 2021) came from renewable sources. Forming the foundation of Armenia’s renewable energy system as of 6 January 2022 were 189 small, private HPPs (under 30 MW), mostly constructed since 2007.
It has been an observer to the Energy Community since 2011 and a member of the Eastern Partnership since 2009. Although Armenia’s energy demand averages more than 3 Mtoe (3.59 Mtoe in 2020) and the country does not produce any fossil fuels, it manages to cover 27% of energy demand with domestic energy production.
Lacking indigenous resources, Armenia imports natural gas and oil for most of its energy needs (78.6% of total energy supply in 2020), mainly from the Russian Federation (hereafter, “Russia”).
Armenia also has a large solar energy potential. Compared with other countries, the average annual energy flow is higher; therefore, there is large interest in this energy sector.
To synchronise its system with those of its neighbours and provide electricity at competitive prices, Armenia will have to open its relatively closed electricity market. The Ministry of Territorial Administration and Infrastructure (MTAI) is responsible for developing and implementing energy policy.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo has reserves of , , , and a potential power generating capacity of around 100,000 MW. The on the has the potential capacity to generate 40,000 to 45,000 MW of electric power, sufficient to supply the electricity needs of the whole Southern Africa region. Ongoing uncertainties in the political arena, and a resulting lack of interest from investors has meant that the Inga Dam's potential ha. [pdf]
Almost all electricity generation today comes from hydropower and the Inga project has the potential to provide much more. If network constraints are addressed, Democratic Republic of the Congo could become an electricity exporter.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has reserves of petroleum, natural gas, coal, and a potential hydroelectric power generating capacity of around 100,000 MW. The Inga Dam on the Congo River has the potential capacity to generate 40,000 to 45,000 MW of electric power, sufficient to supply the electricity needs of the whole Southern Africa region.
The DR Congo imported 78 million kWh of electricity in 2007. The DR Congo is also an exporter of electric power. In 2003, electric power exports came to 1.3 TWh, with power transmitted to the Republic of Congo and its capital, Brazzaville, as well as to Zambia and South Africa.
As mentioned earlier, the country possesses a significant potential for renewable power generation, which is illustrated further as follows : Hydropower: For which the Congo River is the main source, with an average flow rate 42,000 m 3 /s. Biogas: Coming mainly from both plant and animal waste.
This Atlas was created by the UNDP, Netherlands Development Organization SNV, and the Congolese Ministry of Water Resources and Electricity. It has 600 interactive maps and informs policymaking on decentralizing energy and encourages further renewable energy investments.
In the AC, Democratic Republic of the Congo supports an economy six-times larger than today’s with only 35% more energy by diversifying its energy mix away from one that is 95% dependent on bioenergy.

Colombia has significant solar power resources because of its location in the equatorial zone, but the country sits in a complex region of the Andes where climatic conditions vary. The daily average radiation is 4.5 kWh/m2, and the area with the best solar resource is the Guajira Peninsula, with 6 kWh/m2 of radiation.. . Renewable Energy in Colombia is rapidly emerging as a pioneer in the , showcasing a remarkable commitment to climate action despite its status as a fossil fuel-producing nation. With a robust National. . Colombia has a great biomass power potential from agricultural residues (banana, coffee pulp, and animal waste). Its annual biomass power potential is estimated to be over 16. . The wind regime in Colombia is among the best in South America. Offshore regions of the northern part of Colombia, such as in the , have been classified with class 7. . The former Colombian Institute of Electrical Energy, today IPSE, and the Latin American Energy Organization have identified three areas with potential: . • • • [pdf]
In the first renewable energy auction for the country, over 1 GW of wind power was awarded in 2019 for a 15-year power purchase agreement from 2022. Colombia has significant solar power resources because of its location in the equatorial zone, but the country sits in a complex region of the Andes where climatic conditions vary.
The potential of solar energy at a global level in Colombia is 4.5 kW h/m 2 /day and the area with an optimal solar resource is the Península de la Guajira, with 6 kW h/m 2 /day of radiation, surpassing the world average of 3.9 kW h/m 2 /day. In the referenced link , there is an interactive map of the radiation indices in Colombia by IDEAM.
In this sense, Serrano (2017b) carried out in Colombia an analysis of the use of solar energy for the future of the country as part of the general concern for the increase in the emission of polluting gases into the atmosphere and that it can boost energy supply through renewable sources.
This research work aimed to analyze the prospects for photovoltaic solar energy in Colombia. In the results, as a first measure, a conceptualization of solar energy, the development of photovoltaic panels, and the conditions required for installing this type of electricity generation module were carried out.
Colombia has world-class wind and solar energy potential and recent regulatory updates have enacted a robust framework of incentives. However, as of 2022, solar and wind have an operating installed capacity of just about 1.5% of the capacity mix. The next five years could see a sharp increase in solar and wind capacity.
The expected large deployment of wind and solar resources in Colombia can be used to leverage creation of local employment, gender equality and benefits to local communities and Indigenous peoples. This will require strengthened policy frameworks to avoid negative efects on these areas.
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