Auxiliary DC Control Power System Design for Substations
Abstract—The most critical component of a protection, con-trol, and monitoring system is the auxiliary dc control power system. Failure of the dc control power can render fault detection
Battery Control Unit Reference Design for Energy Storage
An HMU is a controller designed to be installed in the rack to keep monitoring racks and single pack status including rack voltage, current, single or accumulated charging and discharging,
Earth fault protection in a solidly (effectively) earthed high voltage
The fault statistic shows that earth faults are the dominating fault type and therefore the earth fault protection is of main importance in a network. The type of earth fault
High Voltage Transmission Line Protection with Single Pole
In order to provide some appreciation for the relative advantages of single and selective pole tripping over three pole tripping, a system consisting of two parallel high voltage transmission
Automotive EMC-compliant reverse-battery protection with
An automotive battery connects to multiple loads, includ-ing ECUs, relays and motors. Several system-level events, such as turning inductive loads on or off, can create voltage transients on