As companies and nations continues to search for new sources of metal resources, the deep sea has emerged as a potential new frontier for the exploration and extraction of energy transition
The developments of deep-sea technology are playing important roles in promoting deep-sea equipment research. For example in the hadal zone, deep-sea buoyancy material, metal pressure chamber and high
Seawater batteries are unique energy storage systems for sustainable renewable energy storage by directly utilizing seawater as a source for converting electrical energy and chemical energy.
Soon, after the SeaRAY''s first six-month sea trial in Hawaii, the device could power offshore fish farms, shipping, desalination devices for remote communities and disaster
Research into renewable energy is an active field of research, with photovoltaic and wind being the most representative technologies. A promising renewable energy source is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
An international research team has developed a novel concept of gravitational energy storage based on buoyancy, that can be used in locations with deep sea floors and applied to both the storage of offshore wind power and compressed hydrogen.
The paper shows that deep ocean gravitational energy storage technologies are particularly interesting for storing energy for offshore wind power, on coasts and islands without mountains, and as an effective approach for compressing hydrogen.
BEST is an energy storage technology that deploys an electric motor/generator for storing energy by lowering a compressed gas recipient in locations with deep sea floors and generating electricity by allowing the compressed gas recipient to rise though the water, as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1.
World potential for deep ocean compressed hydrogen transportation is illustrated. The world is undergoing a substantial energy transition with an increasing share of intermittent sources of energy on the grid, which is increasing the challenges to operate the power grid reliably.
As it can be seen, the BEST system that can store the most energy is the one that starts at 1000 bars (maximum depth of around 10,000 m) and stops at 300 bars (minimum depth of around 3000) for both air and hydrogen as compressed gases.
The sand in the deep ocean H 2 long-term storage should have high porosity (60%) so that more H 2 can be stored in the sand. We propose that this solution should be used for long-term energy storage, because it is not practical to store H 2 on the deep ocean, however, the costs for storage are low. Fig. 4. Deep ocean H 2 long-term storage. 2.1.3.
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