Improvements in low-carbon technologies, driven in part by foreign energy policy, have created new opportunities for Armenia, a country without fossil fuel reserves, aligning environmental concerns and the pursuit of
A flexible power system with storage technologies and increased connectivity with neighbouring countries are essential to accommodate growing renewable energy volumes. This newsletter offers insights into Armenia''s energy sector, recent
Based on the results of the study the assessed total wind energy potential in Armenia for wind farms is 4,550 MW [3] (Table 1). During next five years is planned to construct two wind power
Armenia is making progress in further diversifying its power generation mix, particularly by aiming to build significant solar PV capacity. Armenia''s 2021 Energy Strategy calls for up to 1 000 MW of solar PV capacity by 2030, at
In 2021, Armenia produced 7.7 TWh of electricity, of which natural gas covered 44% (3.4 TWh), hydro and other renewables 30% (2.3 TWh) and nuclear 26% (2.0 TWh). In the Caucasus region, Armenia is the only country producing
Armenia''s energy sector is powered mostly by natural gas, the country''s aging nuclear power plant and hydroelectricity, with natural gas acting as the primary energy carrier in total final
At the Jermaghbyur site, geological and geophysical explorations have found that high-pressure hot water (20‑25 atmospheres, up to 250°C) is available at a depth of 2 500‑3 000 m. If these data are confirmed, it would be possible to
For conventional power plants, the integration of thermal energy storage opens up a promising opportunity to meet future technical requirements in terms of flexibility while at
Bioenergy is used as primary fuel for Thermal Storage Power Plants in order to guarantee firm power capacity at any time just on demand in order to close the residual load
Armenia depends on imports to meet much of its energy needs, particularly natural gas from the Russian Federation. It is one of the few ex-Soviet republics to avoid significant energy subsidies, and it is the only country in the Caucasus region to possess a nuclear power plant.
Armenian researchers in the energy sector, as in other sectors, face challenges that include low levels of state funding, lack of structures for cooperation among research institutes, universities and industry, and requirements for university professors to teach a large number of hours in order to receive a full salary.
However, all of its thermal generation relies on gas, around 85% of which is imported from Russia. Furthermore, Armenia imports all of its nuclear fuel from Russia. Armenia therefore effectively relies on fuel imports from one country to produce nearly 70% of its electricity, raising concerns about the diversity of supply.
Natural gas is imported from Russia via pipeline through Georgia, but also from Iran through a barter agreement under which it exports electricity in exchange. Armenia also trades electricity with Georgia, though volumes are low since the countries’ networks are not synchronised.
Armenia is moving from a regulated, single-buyer model to a competitive power market, with a launch date set for February 2022. The careful preparation of this work over many years is to be commended. As part of the first stage of market reforms, the government plans to improve protection mechanisms for vulnerable customers.
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